(he) begs ha’nékha’ (she) begs e’nékha’ (I) beg (you) goñ’nékha’ (I have) begged ak’né·geñh (he has) begged ho’né·geñh (I) begged wa’k’né·ga’ (don’t for sure) beg me ahgwíh dogéñs eñsg’né·gah (he) begs (for food) hakhwa’nékha’ (he will) beg (from you) eñhya’né·geñ’ (he) begged (me for it) wa’hak’né·geñ’ (he) begged (her for it) wa’shago’né·geñ’ (we) begged (you all for food) wa’gwakhwa’né·geñ’
(I) believe it tgehdákhwa’ (he) believes it thehdákhwa’ (what I) believe dwagehdáhgwih (he is a) believer thowehdáhgwih (she is a) believer dyagowehdáhgwih (they are) believers thoneñhdáhgwih (I will) believe it eñtgehdáhgwa’ (I) believed it dagehdáhgwa’ (she will) believe eñdyagawehdáhgwik (I didn’t) believe that de’dwagehdáhgwih
(she has a) belly (ache) gotgweñ’danóñhwaks
below / under/ low ha’góñ·wa
bench adyeñdákhwes
berries ohya’shóñ’ah (I will gather the) berries eñgahyáehga’ (every kind of) berry ha’deyohyagéh (I dried) berries wa’gahyathá’da’ (he found) berries wa’hahyatshéñ·ni’ (I pick) berries gahyá·gwas (I picked) berries wa’gahyá·gwa’
(he) brought (the dog in) wa’hya’di·nyóñ’da ne jí·hah (they) brought (them in) neñ hoñwadiyoya’dinyoñ’dih
brown ohesha’áh
bucket/pail/pot ganá’jya’
buffalo dege·yá’gih
(I) burn it géñ’da·s (I put it in the fire to) burn góñthwas (it) burns odékha’ (it is) burnt odé·geñh (I will) burn it eñgéñ’da·k (I) burned it wa’éñ’da·k (he) burned it wa’héñ’da·k (he) burned (a house) wa’hanoñhséñ’da·k (he) burned (a boat) wa’khoñ·wéñ’da·k (he) burned (the wood) wa’hayeñdeñ’dák (he is) burning tobacco hayeñ’góñthwas
bus goya’danéñhgwik
butter owihsá·tha’
butter it swihsa·k
butterfly haná·weñh
C
cabbage onéhso’
(he) can go it hogwe·nyóñh (she) can do it eñye·gwé·nya’ (we 2) can do it eñdni·gwé·nya’ can (you) do it eñhsgwe·nyá’ kheñ
car / vehicle ga’sé·hda’ (in the) car ga’se·hdagóñ·wah (I sell) cars gade’se·hdahní·noñk (new) car ga’se·hdahsé’ (the) car (makes noises) ga’sé·hdaga·ks (the) car (is demolished) ga’se·hdaihwéñthwih (nice) car ga’se·hdiyóh (nice) cars ga’se·hdí·yo’s (his) cars (are nice) ho’se·hdí·yo’s (someone has stolen the) car ga’se·hdanéñsgweñh (he washed the) car wa’ha’se·hdoháe’ (he pulled the) car (out) wa’ho’se·hdótshya’ (Harry has a) car ho’se·hdá·yeñ’ Hä·ri
cardinal thotgwíyä’
cake ohä·hgwaga’wih (layer) cake dwgahähgwa’shä·’
canoe / boat gahóñ·wa’
(I take) care (of myself) agadadnóñsde’
(you be) careful s’nigoñhä·k
(he is a) carpenter hanoñhsoñnyaha’
carpet gayeñhsä·déñhda·’
carrots otgweñhdá·’ niyokdehe·’déñh
(he is) carrying a body on his back hoya’dagéhde’ (I am) carrying it on my back ahgéhde’ (she is) carrying it on her shoulder gogéhde’
cat dagós
catch it dajye·náh (I) catch it tgye·náoñs (he will) catch it eñthaye·ná’ (he) caught dahaye·ná’
catcher thayé·naoñs
caterpillar ohohwáhneh
cattail/cigar ohé·hgwa’
Cayuga Gayo·gwéñ·ga’
cedar tree ohsohä’da’
(I put) ceremonies (through) Gi·hoñgotha’
cemetery tsha noñ hehoñwadi’noñhda·tha’
(it is) certain odo·géñ’ih (it is not) certain hya gwás eñyodogeñ’íks (it is) certain gado·geñh
chain saw degayeñdyá’khoñk
chair adyeñdakhwa’ / oñdyeñdakhwa’
(I hade a) chance agade’shä·yeñ’ (I make) changes dekdé·nyoñs (she makes) changes deye·dé·nyoñs (she) changed it wa’dye·dé·ni’ (I will) change it deñkdé·ni’
(you) cheated wa’she’nigoñ·ha’da’
(she has big) cheeks deyeyo’gowaneñ’s (on her) cheek ehä’gweñ’dá’geh
cherry jé·i’
chicken gítgit
Chief hoyá·neh Chiefs swayanéshoñ’ (all of the) Chiefs hodiyanéshoñ’ hadi·gwé·gih
children hadiksa’shoñ’áh (they are nice) children hadiksa’dí·yo’s
chipmunk jitsgéñ·yoñh
(the) chosen place tsha’ nóñ·we ganakdá·gweñh
cicada ogweñ•yó’da’
clam oji’noñwa’sáh
Clan Mother goyá·neh / gaya·né’ da éhwa’s
Clans (our) oñgwa’seä·de·nyoñ’
Longhouse side gaye·i ganoñhsgéh ha·gwah beaver honaga·ya’gih heron degaeñhyagáhä·’
snipe odi’nehsi·yóh turtle hanyáhdeñh wolf hothahyoñ·níh
Mudhouse side dega’daägeh ha·gwah bear ohgwa·ih deer deyodijinaeñ’doñ·da’ eel ogoñde·na’ hawk degaya’dakhwa’ / odishweñ’gai·yo’
(I am beaver) clan honaga·ya’gih nwa’ wage’se·e’deñ’
clay / mud / mortar o’dá·ä’
(I have) cleaned (it) dewagadohdá·hwih
(I have) cleared (it) dewagadohdá·hwih
clock gahwisda’és
clothes gané’na’ traditional clothing gane’na’oñweh (listen) gloves/mittens eñ’nyótshä·’ hat eñnoñhé’tshä·’ pants gahná’tsha’ scarf/necklace onihdyástha’ shirt/dress/coat ada’dawí’tshä’ shoes ahdáhgwa’ socks adä·hdí’tshä’
cold othó·we’ (it got) cold wa’wathowä·t (it’s) cold (outside) othó·we’ ahsdéh (the house is) cold ganoñhsanóh (I am) cold agatho·wäs (I got) cold wa’wagatho·wäs (are you) cold? satho·wäs khéñh (you will get) cold eñsatho·wä·sga’ (I’m not that) cold hiya tho de’wagatho·wäs (maybe I might get) cold dyeñgwa’ na’ a·wagatho·wä·sga’ (he got) cold wa’hothowäsga’ (It will be) cold eñyothó·wek
collar (over native dress) oñthä·stha’
(I) collected (water) wa’khnegaéhga
colors ohsohgwa’shóñ’ah black / coal oshwéñ’da’ blue owéñhya’ brown ohesha’áh gray o’geñhä’áh green ohgá’da’ orange oji’tgwaiyóh
pink oshesda’áh purple jyeñgwáehsä·’ red otgwéñhda·’ white owä·hé’sda’
yellow / bile ojí’tgwa·’ (beautiful) color ohsohgwiyóh
dance Ganoñ·nya’ (he) dances dehátkhwa’ (he is a) dancer dehátkhwa’ (he is a good) dancer hanoñ·nyá·yeñk (I am) dancing dewagátkhwa’ (I know how to) dance gnoñnyá·yeñk (she) dances deyóñtkhwa’ (she is) dancing deyótgweñh (she is a) dancer deyóñtkhwa’ (we all will) dance deñdwátgwa’ (it) dances dewátkhwa’ (they two) danced wa’thyátgwa’ (she) danced (Womens Dance) wa’dyoñtgwá’ eñsgá·nye’ (you had) danced desatgwéñhna’ (they will put on a big) dance déñhoñtgwa’gó·nah (he is) dancing (along) dehotgweñhá·dye’ (I am) dancing (along) dewagatgweñhá·dye’ (they had a great) dance wa’ganoñnyowánha’ (I am) dancing dewagátgweñh
(my) daughter khehá·wah (my) daughter (in law) khehsá’wah
(at) dawn heñ’géhjik dawning (its coming day there) dayo·heñ’ihá·dye’
day wéñ·de’ (as the) day (dawns) ó·heñ’s (It is a) day weñdá·de’ today néñgeñ weñdá·de’ (every) day ha’deweñdagéh (all) day (long) eñda·gwé·gih (mild) days oweñdaná·weñh (chilly) day aweñdanóh (all) day (long) eñda·gwé·gih day after day eñda·dé·nyoñ’ for many days weñda·déhgwa’
days of the week Aweñdeñ•dá’ih Monday Degní wadóñ’tha’ Tuesday Ahséñ wadóñ’tha’ Wednesday Gayé·ih wadóñ’tha’ Thursday Hwíks wadóñ’tha’ Friday Eñdákda’ Saturday Aweñdado•géñhdih Sunday
daytime eñdiyó’geh
(he is) dead haweñheyasjíhweñh (she is) dead gaweñheyasjíhweñh
death ne’ geñhé·yoñ’
(he is) deceased shodoñgóhdih
deer sgeñneñdóñ’ / sgeñnoñdoñ
(it is really) delicious oga’wiyóh
(don’t) despise (it) ahgwíh eñsgéñhä’s
devil haeñhsí’se·’
(it is) difficult/slow gayó’de’
(it is) dirty ótgi’ (he is) dirty hótgi’ (it gets) dirty otgí’khe’s (it has gotten) dirty ótgih (it will get) dirty eñyotgí’khe’ (I got) dirty oñga•dya’datgí’khe’
(I am) disappointed/sorry/sad gehnha·déñha’ (he is) disappointed/sorry/sad hahnha·déñha’
(it is being) discussed deyodétha·’ (it will be) discussed deñwadethá·eñ’ (the will have a) discussion deñhadithá·eñ’ (they are) discussing (something) dehadithá·gwas (they have) discussed it dehodithá·gweñh (they will) discuss it deñhadithá·gwa’ (they had a) discussion wa’thadithá·gwa’ (they used to have) discussions dehadith·gwásgwa’
(I am) disgusted ahgeñhä’sek
dish gáksa’
(I got) dizzy wa’tgeñnoñ’ wa·wéñ·ye’
(he is a) doctor hadé·jyeñ’ts
dog jí·hah (good) dog hanasgwiyóh ji·hah (he has a good) dog honasgwiyóh ji·hah (he brought the) dog (in) wa’haya’di·nóñ’da’ ne’ jí·hah
(how to) do it tsha’ niga·ye·eñh
doll gayá’da’
door gahnhóhwa’
donkey / mule dewahóñhdes
don’t áhgwih
dough oshe’ä’
(I) draw (pictures) gya’da·sdahéñ·k
dream / sleep gaihsé·hda’ (it was reveled in a) dream owihseñhdagóñ·wa nidyawehdáhgwih (I am) dreaming agi·hseñ·hdákseñhs (he is) dreaming howihseñ·hdákseñhs (I) dream (of her) kheihseñ·hdákseñhs (she had a) dream gowihseñ·hdakséñ’ih (did you) dream we’saihseñ·hdakséñha’ (I will) dream eñwa·gi·hseñ·hdakséñha’ (I) dreamt oñgi·hseñ·hdakséñha’
dress/shirt adya’dawí’tshä·’ (he is getting) dressed hahseñ·nyáha’ (she is) dressed gohseñ·níh (I got) dressed wa’gahséñ·nya’ (he will get) dressed eñhahséñ·nya’ (I) dressed up (as a ghost) gasdeñ·na’ wa’gadadoñ·nya’ (you) dressed up (as a ghost) gasdeñ·na’ wa’sadadoñ·nya’ (she) dressed up (as a ghost) gasdeñ·na’ wa’oñdadoñ·nya’ (he) dressed up (as a ghost) gasdeñ·na’ wa’hadadoñ·nya’
(I) drink khne·gí·ha’ (I am) drinking khne·gí·ha’
(he) drinks (milk) onoñhähsa’ hahne·gí·ha’ (I will) drink eñhné·gihä’ (I drank) water wa’khne·gí·hä’ ohné·ganos (I gave you something to) drink wa’goñ·nóñ·da’ sdeñ’ gwa’ nwáho’deñ’ (you) drink it shnegiheñh (you all) drink it swahnegiheñh (you all) drink it dwahnegiheñh
drizzle/sprinkling gasdaeñgohseñ·k
(he has) drowned ho’sgó’ih
(it is) dry o·héñh (are your clothes) dry o·heñ kheñ sané’na’ (on) dry land aoñhwejyathéñ’geh (it got) dry wa’ga·héñha’ (my throat is getting) dry genya’datheñhs
family akhwají·yä’ (his) family hohwají·yä’ (all my) family/relations ethinoñhgwa’shoñ’ (listen) my aunt gnohá dekhenoñhéñ·khwa’ we two are cousins oñgyáä’se’ we are cousins oñgwáä’se’ my daughter khehá·wah my father k’niháh our father shedwá’nih my granddaughter kheyá·de·’ my grandfather hakshodaháh my grandmother akshodaháh my grandson heyá·de·’ my husband héksdeñh our mother ethi·nóha’ my mother gnóha’ my niece kheyeñhwá·deñ’ my nephew heyeñhwá·deñ’ my older brother haktshi’áh my older sister oñktshi’áh my younger brother he’geñ’áh my younger sister khe’geñ’áh
my wife khéksdeñh
(she is a) farmer eyéñthwas
(he is a) farmer hayéñthwas (male) farmer haheñda’gehé·noñ’ (female) farmer eheñda’gehe·noñ’
fast osnó·we’ (I am) fast gesnó·we’ (I am moving) fast gya’dasnó·we’ (they are running) fast osnowé’ dahadidákhe’ (she used to move) fast eya’dasnowéhgwa’ (it is going too) fast aoñgohdí tsha’ osnó·we’
(I want you to) feel better gehe’ asadoñgwetha’ (I am not) feeling better hya de’ gadoñgwétha’ (I) feel better (now) gadoñgwetha’ oneñ
ferret gaya’dadáhgwa’s
(small) field nigaheñda’áh (on the) field gaheñ·dá’geh (along the) field gaheñdakdóñ·dye’ field (on a hill) gaheñ·dáhä’
(it is) fierce deyodeñnoñhyaníhdih
fifteen hwíks gáhe·’
fifty hwíks niwásheñh
fight/warfare ade·yóhsä·’ (they are) fighting hona·de·yóh (I am a) fighter gadé·yos (he is a) fighter hadé·yos (I am) fighting aga·de·yóh (he will) fight eñha·dé·yo’ (they) fought (2) wa’hya·dé·yo’ (I used to) fight gade·yósgwa’ (she used to) fight oñde·yósgwa’ (he has been) fighting hode·yóhna’
fin ojyóñ’da’ oyá·da’
(I have) finished it age·yeñneñ·dá’ih
fire odékha’ (it is a great) fire gajisdowá·neñh fire place gajisdá·yeñ (he made a) fire wa’ha·jisdóñ·nya’ (their) fire / wampum hodijísda’ (next to to the) fire ojisdákda’ (around the) fire ojisdakdóñ·dye’ (they may join them at the) fire / council meeting a·ye·jisdá·’nha’ (strong) firelight ojisdadét (the principle) fireplace gajisdagwe·ní·yo’ (the) fire (is going good) wa’gajisdi·yó’khe’ (are you the) fire keeper sjisdanóñhna’ (it is a great) fire / wampum gajisdowá·neñh (I have a) fire akjisdá·yeñ’ (she pokes the) fire ejisdahéhseñ·k (he has poked the) fire hojisdahéhseñ·’ (I will poke the) fire eñkjisdahéhseñ·’
firecracker wada’geñhádahyá’tha’
(they are the) Firekeepers honatjisdané·doñ’ (he is the) Firekeeper hotjisdané·da’
firefly jisdeñnó·geñh
Firehouse/community center Tsha’ Thoñ’swatha’
fireman ha’swátha’
firewood gaéñ·da’ (she gathered the) firewood (there) hwa’eyeñdá·gwa’ (my) firewood agyéñ·da’ (he will go get) firewood eñhayeñda·gwáha’
(he will) fish Eñhatsi·ye’ (I am a) fisherman Gatshi·yek (he is a) fisherman Hatshi·yek (she is a) fisherman Oñtshi·yek (I am) fishing agatshiyéh
five hwíks
(he) fixes (things) hadogéñstha’
flame gaháhsä·’
flamingo oshesda’áh gayo’ah
flint jisdadahya’dákhwa’ / oha·á’
(I am usually) first tga·dyéñ·tha’ (I was the) first (one) dwaga·dyéñ·hdih (we all were the) first (to arrive here) dyoñgwa·dyéeñhdih oñgwa·yóñh ne’ tho neñh (the) first (time) dawa·dyéñ·hda’ (he was) first daha·dyéñ·hda’ (I was the) first (to do it) daga·dyéñ·hda’
(he is a) flirt hó’deh (they are all) flirts honí’deh (I am a) flirt agí’de’
(my) friend oñgyátshí’ (their) friend honátshí’ (your) friend jyátshí’ (he is a good) friend hatshihsiyóh (it will be a good) friendship eñwatshihsi·yók (he is the best of) friends thatshihsi·yóh (he makes a good) friend hatshihsä·yeñk (he is) friendly hoñgwe’diyóh (they are) friendly heñnoñgwe’diyó’s (they two will make) friends eñhyatshihséñ·nyeñ’ (they two made) friends wa’hyatshihséñ·nyeñ’
frog sgwá’ä·k
frybread gahä·hgwageñi’dá·hwih
(it is) frozen onoñ·nyá·yeñ’
fruit / berry óhya’ (dried) fruit ohyathéñh
(I am) full agahda’h
(it is) fun aweñtgá·de’ (she is) fun gaweñtgá·de’ (I have) fun gadeñtgá·doñk (I am having) fun agadeñtgá·doñ’
fur ohóhwa’ (dog) fur jihá ohóhwa’
G
(they are) gamblers dehadiyéñha’
gate wat’eñhäniyó·da’
(I) gather geéts (I have) gathered (things) agé·hwih (it has been) gathered gaéhwih (he) gathered (it) wa’haéhga’ (I will) gather eñgé·hga’ (I will) gather (together the berries) eñgahyáehga’ (they) gathered (sap) hadihnegaéts oweñ·dá·gi·’
George Washington/President Hanadagá·yas
(I did) get up wa’gatgeñha’ (you should) get up a·hsatgeñha’ (he) gets up hatgéñhas (he has) gotten up hotgéñheñh (I will) get up eñgatgéñha’ (you) get up satgéñhah
(I) give gadá·he’ (she has) given ago·dá·wih (he will) give (it) eñhá·doñ’ (she) gave (it) wa’óñ·doñ’ (I am going to) give it (to you) goñya·wíhe’
(he has) given up ho’nigoñhyá’gih /tho’nigoñhé’kda’ (she has) given up dyago’nigoñhé’kda’ (he) gives up howeñná’tha’
ghost/skeleton gasgé·na’
gloves/mittens eñ’nyótshä·’
(I) glue it gä·’neñdáktha’ (he) glues it haä’neñdáktha’ (she has) glued it gowä’neñdákdih (she) glued it wa’eä’neñdákda’ (he will) glue it eñhaä’neñdákda’
(I) go back (now and then) sgákdoñs (she has) gone back jyagókdoñh (she may) go back oñ·sayóñkda’ (he would rather) go back oñ•dahaägwa’ oñ·sahákda’ (they went) back (again) sahóñkda’ (us 2 should) go back oñse·dyákda’ (I will) go back eñgákda’
(the) goal dwadeñhnhoho·da’ (he is the) goalie dehahnhohotha’
good oyá·ne·’ (it will be) good eñyoyané·k good (bed) ganakdiyóh (it is a) good (car) ga’se·hdiyóh (they are) good (children) hadiksa’dí·yo’s good (corn) oneñhiyóh good (dog) honasgwiyóh ji·hah (he is a) good (friend) hatshihsiyóh good (house) ganoñhsiyóh (he is) good (looking) hoya’da·yéñsdih (she is) good (looking) goya’da·yéñsdih (you are) good (looking) saya’da·yéñsdih good (road) ohahiyóh (I have a) good (spouse) agnahgwiyóh (it tastes) good oga’wih (it tastes really) good oga’wiyóh (I feel) good sgeñnóñ’ geñnoñhdóñ·nyoñk
(they have suffered) grief honahsoñdayeñdá’ih (they are) grieving honatgaeñ·níh
(It is a) ghost gasdeñ·na’ (you saw a) ghost wa’disadyeñ·nyoñ’s (I saw a) ghost wa’dwagadyeñ·nyoñ’s (she saw a) ghost wa’dyagodyeñ·nyoñ’s (he saw a) ghost wa’thodyeñ·nyoñ’s
giraffe sgahnya’sés
(he) grabbed (it) wa’hahawíhda’ (I) grabbed (a knife) daga’shaeñhawíhda’
heart (heart shape) ganoweñkhwahsá·hgwih (he has a) heart hawe•yáhdadah
help (me) dagya’dagéhnhah (I will) help them eñkheya’dagéhnha’ (he) helps out haya’dagehnháha’ (I will be) helping (them) eñkheya’dagéhnheñk
hemlock onéñ’da’
here tho néh / neñh / neñ
(great blue) heron degaeñhyagáhä·’
heron/ swan onyaá’dagwa·doñ’
Hiawatha Hayeñhwatha’
hickory heñnék
hide/skin ganehwa’
(she) hides it oñhsétha’
hill onoñ·dó·da’ (beautiful) hill onoñdiyóh (big) hill dyonoñ·dáhä·’ (high) hill onoñ·dés (top of the) hill dyonoñ·dáhä·’
hippopotamus sga’nyoñgaheñwagó·nah
(I) hit (the target) wálkhä’ (did you) hit (the target) wá’shä’ kheñh (he will) hit (the target) eñháhä’ (I) hit (it) wa’gyéñhda’ (he) hit (her) wa’shagiwéñhda’ (you) hit (it) hejyéñhdah (he is) hitting (me) hahgóñhgwas (he) hit (me with a stick) wa’hage’nhyayéñhda’ (I will) hit (you with a stick) eñgoñ’nhyayéñhda’ (he) hits (it) hayéñtha’ (it has) hit (him) hoyéñhdih (he has) hit (it) hayéñhdih
(go) home! sasahdéñ·dyah (I will stay) home eñgi’deñda·k (you stay) home ji’deñ·dak (you all stay) home sweñ’deñ·dak (time to go) home hwa’gahék oñ·seswahdeñ·dya’ | (his) home nóñ·weh thadyeñdákhwa’ (he goes) home shahdéñ·dyoñs (she has gone) home jyagohdeñdyóñh (he went) home sahahdéñ·dya’ (I will go) home eñsgahdéñ·dya’ (we all went) home sedwahdéñ·dya’ (you all went) home seswahdéñ·dya’ (we all should go) home oñ·sedwahdéñ·dya’ (they returned) home (together) tsha’ doñsahoñhdéñ·dya’
honey / sap / gum oshésda’
(I am) hoping age·há·e’ (he is) hoping ho·há·e’ (she is) hoping deyagodeñ·nóñ·da’ (they will really be) hopeful deñyagodeñ·nóñ·dak
horn / banana oná’ga·’
horse gohsá·deñs
horsefly ga’nekhwáhgweñh
hospital thodinoñhwákdanik dehoñwadísnye’
hot o’dáiheñh (I am) hot aga’daihá’sek (he is) hot ho’daihá’sek (are you) hot/sweating? sa’daihá’sek khéñh
how do· how (it is) tsha’ ní·yot (that is) how (it is going to be) né’ tho neñyóhdik
hotscoon degahä·hgwageñ·i’dahwih
hotdog gahetshawethá·hwih
house ganoñhsá·yeñ’ (nice) house ganoñhsiyóh (at the) house ganoñhsá’geh (in the) house ganoñhsgóñ·wah (under the) house ganoñhsagóñ·wah (everywhere within the) house ganoñhsgoñwáshoñ’ (one) house sganóñhsadah (the) house (burned) wa’onoñhsadé·ga’ (all around the) house ganoñhsakóñ·dye’ (I completed my) house wa’ga·dnoñhsíhs’a’ (he made a) house hodnoñhsoñníh (he raided the) house wa’hanoñhsgá·ya’ (abandoned / old) house ganoñhsagayóñshä’ (I saw your) house wa’gnoñhsá·geñ’ ne’ sanóñhsa’ (it is a sturdy) house onoñhsahní·h (cold) house onoñhsanóh (he has a cold) house honoñhsanóh (the) house (is getting cold) onoñhsanohá·dye’ (he has built a) house (for her) shagonoñhsoñnyeñníh (she has several) houses gonoñhsayéñ·doñ’
(my) house agnoñhsá·yeñ’
(I am) hungry akshís (he is) hungry hohsís (I will be) hungry eñwakshíhsek (she will be) hungry eñagohsíhsek (he was) hungry hohsísgwa’
humming bird ji’nhoñwä·ji’
(one) hundred sgadá deweñ’nyá’éh
hunter Hadó·wäts (he is) hunting hodo·wä·dih
(I) hunt gadó·wäts (I will) hunt eñgadó·wät (let’s us two) hunt dyadó·wät (he used to be a) hunter hadowätsgwa’ (he had been) hunting hodowädíhna’ (they are) hunting honado·wä·dih (listen)
(I got) hurt agnoñhyá’gih
hurry up sasnowéñh (you will) hurry eñhsasnó·weñ’
(my) husband héksdeñ’
I
I (me) í’
ice owíhsa’ (on the) ice owihsá’geh (I am on the) ice owihsá’geh i·ge’s (good) ice owihsiyóh
ice skates deyoñdo’jinehdakhwa’ (do you have) ice skates? desado’jinehdakhwahsä·yeñ’ kheñh (go get your) ice skates segwahah ne’ desado’jinehdakhwa’ (I am going) ice skating wa’tgado’jinehdahne’ (let’s you and I go) ice skating dedyado’jinehdahna’ (do you want to go) ice skating (with me?) se·he’ kheñh deñdyado’jinehdahna’ (do you want to go) ice skating (with us?) se·he’ kheñh deñdwado’jinehdahna’ (I went) ice skating (yesterday) wa’tgado’jinehdahna’ ahse·deh
(it is) important owihowá·neñh (there will be) important matters eñyowihó·waneñks important matters owihówaneñ’s (she feels) important oñdatgowá·neñh (he feels) important hadatgowá·neñh (she is) important eya’danó·weñ’ (those two are) important dehniya’danóweñ’
(I am) in charge (of it) gasdéistha’ (who is) in charge? sóñ hosdéisdih (she is) in charge gosdéisdih (she was) in charge wa’esdéisda’
indigenous oñgwehoñwe’
infant / baby owí·yä
inside ganónk (he is) inside (it) hayá’dadah
(he is) intelligent ho’nigoñhe·wá·neñh
intercept it dehsnoñ’nha·gwah (he will) intercept it deñhanoñ’nha·gwa’ (he) intercepted it wa’hanoñ’nha·gwah
(he has) intestines hoyóñwädah
ironwood sgaeñdagásda’
(they are) ironworkers hadiyä·de’s
J
Jack o lantern gagoñhsoñ·da’ ohnyoñhsowa·neñh
jackrabbit dahoñhdané·geñ’
jail thoñwadihnhodóñkhwa’ (I am in) jail gehnhó·doñ’ (he is in) jail hahnhó·doñ’ (she will be in) jail eñyehnhó·doñk
Jamesville Gahsóñhdo’
(I am) jealous agahgá·heñh (you are) jealous sahgá·heñh (she is) jealous gohgá·heñh (he is) jealous hohgá·heñh (he will be a) jealous person eñhohga·heñ·k (he gets) jealous hohgá·heñhs (he will get) jealous eñhohga·héñha’ (I got) jealous wa’wagahga·héñha’ (he is) jealous (of her) shagohga·hä’sek (he used to be) jealous (of her) shagohga·hä’séhgwa’
(the) kind (of color it is) niyohsohgo’déñh (what) kind (of fruit it is) niyohyo’déñh (what) kind (of tree it is) tho nigaeñdo’déñh (the) kind (of dream I had) ne’ tho niwa·gi·hseñ·hdo’déñh (the) kind (of animal it is) niga·yo’do’déñh
kindness/love ganoweñkhwahsä·’ (you all will be treating each other) kindly deñswadadnoweñkhwák (we all act) kindly (to each other) dedwadadno·wéñhgwih
(he) kisses (her) shagohsóhgwaks (he) kissed (her) wa’shagohsóhgwak kiss (her) sheshóhgwak (give me a) kiss dakshóhgwak (he) kisses (her) repeatedly shagohsohgwaeñnyóñk
lake ganyá·da·e’ (on the) lake ganyadá·’geh (across the) lake sganyadá·dih (the) lake (is deep) onyada·hnó·des (long) lake sganyadáis
land ne’ oñhwéñ·jya’ brush osgoha·góñ·wah cave ohsadagóñ•wah ditch ohsadayeñ·dá·dye’ field gaheñ·dá’geh forest ga·há·yeñ’ hill onoñ·dó·da’ island ohwéhno’ lake ganyá·da·e’ mountain onoñdáhä’ pond gana·wá·yeñ’ rapids ohna·wá·det river geñhyóñhwa’ quarry osdeñhä’geh shore gana’áhga·’ stone onéñ·ya’ swamp gana·wá·yeñ’ valley gaheñ·wagóñ·wah waterfall detga’tgoñhsó·da’ water spring dyohna·wáeda’ water well tsha’ tgahne·gó·da’ whirlpool dedyohnawadáhse’
(he stayed) late wa’hoñníshe’ (they stayed) late wa’heñnoñníshe’
(I am) laughing agyoñ·dyáha’ (he causes) laughter hadesgatgwá’tha’ (she is always) laughing goñdahgwih goyóñ·dyaha’
lie ono·yéñ’ih / ono·yéñ’da’ (I told a) lie wa’geñno·yéñhda’ (he told a) lie wa’heñno·yéñhda’ (she) lies oñno·yéñtha’ (he) lies heñno·yéñtha’ (I have) lied ageñno·yéñdih (they) lied wa’heñno·yéñhda’
(you) lie down sáät (I will) lie down eñgáät
lightning deweñnihwáhoñk
(turn on the) lights sjisdó·deñh (I will turn on the) lights eñkjisdó·deñ’ (he turned on the) lights wa’ha·jisdó·deñ’ (the) light (is on) gajisdó·da’ (he turns on) lights hajisdótha’ (turn off the) light sa’swáhdah
(I) like (it) gnóñhwe’s (I) liked (it) agnoñhwé’ih (I don’t) like (it) hya de’ gnóñhwe’s (he) likes (her) shagonoñhwé’s (he) liked (her) shagonóñhwé’ih (she didn’t) like (it) hya de’ agonoñhwé’ih (she won’t) like (it) hya tha·yenoñhwé’nha’ (someone) likes (him) hoñwanóñhwe’s (I) like (myself) gada·dnóñhwe’s (she) liked (it) wa’enoñhwé’nha’ (I could) like (her) a·khenoñhwé’nha’ (he used to) like (her) shagonoñhwé’sgwa’ (he) likes (money) hahwisdanóñhwe’s
(you all) line up swaneñhseñ·nyah
lion gahahseñ·dyétha’
(I) listen gadahóñhsadats (he is) listening hodahhoñhsiyósdih (we all will) listen (well) eñya·gwadahoñhsiyósda’ (I) listened wa’gadahoñhsiyósda’ listen (well you two) jyadahoñhsiyósdah (I am a) listener gadahóñhsadats (I) listened wa’gadahóñhsadat (I have) listened agadahóñhsadá·dih (he will) listen (to me) eñhadagahóñhsadat (he doesn’t) listen hyade’ hahéñ·kha’ listen! sadahóñhsadat (I am) listening agadahoñhsá·de’
(he has a) liver hothwéñhsadah
(they are) living together dehníh (us two are) living together deya·gníh (do you two) live together desníh kheñh (we all) live together deñdwík (us two were) living together deya·gníhna’ (he’s not) living (with anyone) soñga·’ sa’dehníh
(I feel) lonely hgwá·da·’s (he has gotten) lonely hogwa·dá·’ih (I have become) lonely ahgwa·dá·‘ih
(he will feel) lonely eñha·gwadá·’nha’ (she felt) lonely wa’e·gwadá·’nha’
(it is) long óñs / iyóñs long (ones) óñ·ji’s (how) long (it is) tsha’ niyóñs (how) long (is it?) do· niyóñs (that is how) long (it will be) ne’ tho neñyóñ·jik (it is a) long (road) oháhis / oháhes (it is a) long (bridge) wasgwís (it is a) long (stick) o’eñ·nés long (days) weñdé·ji’s (it is a) long (boat) gahoñ·wés (he has a) long (tail) heñdeñ’és (it has) long (horns) gana·gaís (it is a) long (line of people) na’deganeñhé·s (he has) long (hair) honoñ’khwe’és (it is a) long (lake) sganya·dáis (it is a) long (winter) ohsí·s (I’ve got) long (nails) dek’éhdes (it is a) long (train) ga’se·hdés ga’se·hdaya·nó·we’
(don’t you) lose it ahgwih sadahdoñh (don’t you two) lose it ahgwih jyadahdoñh (don’t you three) lose it ahgwih swadahdoñh (don’t us three) lose it ahgwih dwadahdoñh
(I) love (you) goñnowéñkhwa’ (I) love (you too) goñnowéñkhwa’ ihs o’ ni’áh (I will) love (you forever) ha’deñwatgoñdeñ’ eñgoñnoweñkhwák (you) love (me) sgnowéñkhwa’ (I) love (her/them) khenowéñkhwa’ (she/they) love (me) oñgnowéñkhwa’ (I) love (him) henowéñkhwa’ (he) loves (me) hagnowéñkhwa’ (they) love (each other) deyoñdadnowéñkhwa’
(we all are) lucky oñgwa·dä·’shwiyóh (it is) good luck wadä·’shwiyóh (I wish you) good luck wa’tga·deñ·noñ·déñ’ sadä·’shwiyóh (I got) lucky wa’wagadä·’shwiyó’khe’ / oñgwa·dä·’shwiyó’khe’ (she will get) lucky eñyagodä·’shwiyó’khe’ (bad) luck wadä·’shwahétgeñh / adä·’shwahétgeñh
M
(it has) maggots (in it) oji’nóñ·wadah
(you are the) main one shya’dagwení·yo’ (it is the) main (fireplace) gajisdagwe·ní·yo’
man héñ·gweh / hají·nah
maple tree ohwáhda’ I planted a) maple tree ohwáhda’ ne’ wa’khoñdayéñthwa’
maple sap ohwahdá·gi·’ maple sap (flowed) dagashesdó·deñ’ (they collect) maple sap hadihnegaéts oweñ·dá·gi·’
maple syrup oshésda’ (she bought) maple syrup wa’eshesdahní·noñ’
marble ojihnyó’gwa’
marriage ganahgwáhsä·’ (will you) marry (me) eñsagayeñha’ kheñh eñyoñgninya’khe’ (yes, I will) marry (you) heñ·eñ eñyoñgninya’khe’ (they are) marrying hodí·nyaks (I am) married age·nyá·gih (they are) married hodi·nyá·gih (they) married hodinyák (she isn’t) married hya de’agonyá·gih (he isn’t) married hya de’ho·nyá·gih (they are going to get) married hodiyákshe·’ (they got) married wa’hodinyákhe’ (you will get) married eñsanyákhe’ (are we going to get) married eñyoñ·gninyákhe’ khéñh
mask gagoñhsa’ (I have a) mask (on) agatgoñhsa·’ (you have a) mask (on) satgoñhsa·’ (she has a) mask (on) gotgoñhsa·’ (he has a) mask (on) hotgoñhsa·’ mask (covers mouth and nose) oñtgoñhsa·tha’ (you put a) mask (on) satgoñhsa·eñh (you should put a) mask (on) a·hsatgoñhsa·eñ’ (you all should put a) mask (on) aeswatgoñhsa·eñ’ (I always wear a) mask gatgoñhsa·s dyotgoñt
matter, thing, reason, thought, word owíhwa’ (it is a small) matter niga·ihwa·’ah (I studied the) matter wa’ga·di·hwa·yéñsda’ (the) matter (has been placed before you sadi·hwagéheñ·’ (one) matter sgáihwadah (every) matter ha’deyowihwagéh (I misunderstood the) matter wa’tgi·hwane’á·gwa’
maybe eñyéñha’
(the) meal (is ready) okhwá·ih
(don’t be) mean ahgwíh eñsgéñhä’s
(I) mean (it) gí·da’ (you) mean (it) sí·da’ (he) means (it) héñ·da’ (what does that) mean wadéñ’ na’ gé·da (that’s what he) means na’ gó·’ héñ·da’
meat o’wáhä·’ (dried) meat o’wahä·théñh (my) meat ak’wáhä·’ (he will pass the) meat eñha’wáhä·dat (she preserved her) meat got’wahähseñnoñníh (I put) meat (in the oven) wa’gat’wahéñ·deñ’ (I ate) meat wa’k’wáhä·k
medicine onoñhgwá’tshä’ (my) medicine ageñnoñhgwá’tshä’ (his) medicine honoñhgwá’tshä’ medicines onoñhgwá’tshä’ shóñ’ah (I will make) medicine (for you) eñgoñnoñhgwa’tshéñ·nyeñ’ (they hold) meetings hoñtgeñníhs’as (they are going to hold a) meeting hoñtgeñnihs’áhe’ (we all will hold a) meeting eñdwatgeñníhs’a’ (they held a) meeting wa’hoñtgeñníhs’a’
(Grandmother) moon Ethihsoda ahsoñhekhá gáähgwa·’ (listen)
Lunar Moons
Dís’áh long nights short days (listen) Disgó·nah longer nights shorter days (listen) Hehsä·t’áh trecherous little winter (listen)
Ganä·hdóha·’ buds in the tree (listen)
Ganä·hdo’gó·nah moon of many leaves (listen)
Ohyaiháh when berries come (*used every 30 moons) (listen) Ohyaihgó·nah great ripening of berries (listen)
Säsgéhah long days short nights (listen)
Sä·sgehgó·nah big long days (listen)
Kheñ’déñhah deer has short tail (listen)
Kheñ’deñ’gó·nah deer has a long tail (listen)
Jyothowéhah return of little cold (listen) Jyothowe’gó·nah return of the big cold (listen)
(my) name gya·jih (your) name jya·jih (my) name oñgyastha’ (your) name esayastha’
native oñgwehoñwe’
nephew heyeñhwá·deñ’
(bird) nest ga·yo’áh odeñ’náhseñ·’ (will make a) nest eñwadeñ’ nahsoñ·nya’ (made a) nest wa’wadeñ’ nahsoñ·nya’
(the) news (is plentiful) gaihwaná·ge·’
(now you) next oneñ ihs oñhgeñ’
(it’s always a) nice day dyo’goñt weñ·di’yoh
(he is a) nice (boy) haksa’diyóh (she is a) nice (girl) eksa’diyóh
niece kheyeñhwá·deñ’
night/tonight eñyó’ga·k (all) night ohsoñdagwé·gih (last) night gwahsóñ·de’ (a nice) night wahsóñ·di’yoh
nine wá’deñ·h
nineteen wá’déñ· gáhe·’
ninety wá’déñ· niwásheñh
no hi·yah
(they are) noisy gai’sdowá·neñh
noon tsha’deweñdáheñh
nurse deyeyeeñ’dásnye’
numbers one sgá·dah two dégnih three áseñh four gayé·ih five hwíks six áhya’k seven jyá·dak eight dé·geñ·’ nine wá’deñ·h ten washéñh eleven sgá·da gáhe·’ twenty dewashéñh thirty ahséñ niwásheñh one hundred sgadá deweñ’nyá’éh one thousand sgadá sgahóñhsä·dah
nut ohsó’gwa’
O
(white) oak gaeñdähé’sda’
oatmeal gasdakdó·geñ’
ok há·noñ’
old (lady) goksdeá’áh old (man) hoksdeñ’áh
one sgá·dah
onion o’nóñhsa’
onion (wild) o’noñhsó·ya’
Oneida Hadiyeñyótga·’
One Mind Sga·dah hwe’dwayéñ’ ne’ oñgwa’nigoñhä·’
(the) only (one) ne’ aoñhwa’áh (it is not the) only (one) hya de’jyáogoñ’
Onondaga Places Arena Tsha’ Hoñ’noñyeñ’dakwha’ Administration building Dyodihwasye’nha’ Buffalo Field Tsha’ noñh goñdina·geh dege·yá’gih Clinic Hadejyeñ’tsgeh Crick Geñoñwa’ Cookhouse Tsha’noñ thadikhoñnya’dakhwa’ Dam Tgahnegahnho·doñ’ Firehouse/community center Tsha’ Thoñswatha’ Longhouse Ganoñhsésgeh Healing Center Ga’nigoñhi·yóh Hemlock Dyoneñ’dahä·’ Hill with field on top Gaheñ·dáhä’ Main Road Ohahagweñniyoh Middle of the village ganadagoñ·wah North End Dyonoñdo·hwih Onondaga- The Capital Ganakdagweñni·yo’geh ONS Tsha’ Oñdehoñ·nyéñ·nik Pavillion/Fieldhouse Tsha’ Thoñ’nhes Route 11 Ohahahse’geh Route 80 Sgeñha·dih South End Tganeñyoñdyóñh
orange oji’tgwaiyóh
orange (fruit) okhahóñ’ óhya’
other places eñ·noñwéshoñ’
otter sgwá·yeñh
over / above hé’tgeñh
owl gwá·yeñh / gwayweñh
(I) own (it) í’ agá·weñh (Harry) owns (the book) Härí howéñ ne’ gahyadóñsä·’
P
package geñsdótshä’
(I am in) pain ageñ·hyá·geñs (she is in) pain goweñhyagéñh (they are in) pain hadiyeñihyá·geñh (he suffered) pain wa’haeñhyá·geñ’ (I suffered) pain wa’geñihyageñ’
(he) pees hadyá·ges (I am) peeing aga·dyá·ges (I) peed wa’ga·dyá·ge’ (she) peed wa’oñ·dyá·ge’ (I will) pee eñ’ga·dyá·ge’
peninsula gahna’gáe·ga’
(black) pepper dyohsáet put pepper on it deyohssaet eñhsä·k
peppermint ena’nósyha’
people (2) dehnóñ·gweh (several) people heñnoñgwéshoñ’ (among the) people óñgwéhneh (all of the) people oñgwe’dagwé·gih
perhaps eñyéñha’
person óñ·gweh (young) person óñgwe’dahsé’ (I am a young) person goñgwe’dahsé’ (one) person jyoñgwé’dadah baby owí·yä’ baby boy hodoñni’áh baby girl godoñni’áh boy haksa’áh children hadiksa’shoñ’áh girl eksa’áh old man hoksdeñ’áh old woman goksdeñ’áh young man hosgeñ’ägéhdah young man haksa’dahse’áh young men hodisgeñ’ägéhdah
(she is here to) pick (berries) ehyákhe’ (go) pick (berries!) sahyákhah (he) picks it há·gwas (how much he) picked tsha’ niyóñ hó·gweñh (I) picked it wa’gé·gwa’ (he will) pick it eñhá·gwa’
pictures gaya’da·sdahéñ·’
pidgeon jyohéäh
pie wahya·dah (apple) pie swahyo·nah wahya·dah (blueberry) pie ohya·jih wahya·dah (cherry) pie jye·i’ wahya·dah (lemon merreign) pie ohyajiwa·geñh niyot wahya·dah (pumpkin) pie ohnyoñhsowa·neñh niyot wahya·dah
pig gwísgwis
pilot deha·déñha’
pink oshesda’áh
(I) plant gyéñthwas (I did not) plant (it) hiya de’wagyeñthwih (I should) plant a·gyéñthwa’ (I will) plant eñgyéñthwa’ (he has) planted hoyéñthwih (he) planted wa’hayeñthwa’ (she) planted wa’eyeñthwa’ (I have) planted (small gardens)agyéñthwíh nigaheñda’s’áh (I am) planting gyeñthwáhoñk (he should be) planting a·hayeñthwáhsek (let’s all) plant (it!) dwayeñthwah (let’s you and I) plant (it!) dniyeñthwah (will you) plant? eñjyeñthwa’ kheñh (she has) planted (corn) goneñhayéñthwih (the corn got) planted odneñhayéñthwih (you) plant (it!) jeñthwah (you two) plant (it!) sniyeñthwah (you all) plant (it!) swayeñthwah
plate/ dish gáksa’
(he) plays heñ’noñ·yéñha’ (he) plays (with her) shago’noñ·yéñha’ (she is) playing go’góñ·yeñ’ (they are) playing honeñ’nóñ·yeñ’ (I am) playing ageñ’nóñ·yeñ’ (I) played wa’geñ’noñ·yéñ’ (they will) play eñhoñ’noñ·yéñ’ (I) play ball degéñ’nhes (he) plays ball dehéñ’nhes (she) plays ball deyoñ’nhes (they are) playing ball dehonéñ’nheh (I will) play ball deñgeñ’nhé·gwa’ (he) played ball wa’theñ’nhé·gwa’ (they) played ball dehoñ’nhésgwa’ (they) play cards dehadihyadoñhsä·yéñha’ (they are) playing cards dehodihyadoñhsä·yéñ’ (they) played cards wa’thadihyadoñhsä·yéñ’ (they would) play cards da·hadihyadoñhsä·yéñ’ (they) play (hide and seek) dehoñdadahóñ’tha’
plum ohseñhä·yeñ
plumber hathoñwe’dadogéñstha’
poison ivy gohóñ·da·’s
policeman shagoyé·naoñs
poorhouse Tsha’ thonidéñt
popcorn oñdneñhädahyá’tha’
popular tree oneñ’tgáe’ih
porcupine onhé’da’
pot / vessel / kettle / pail ganá’jya’
potato oneñ·nóhgwa’
(mashed) potato deganeñnohgwahihdih
pour (me some) daskhnegahas (you) pour (her some) shehnegahas (you) pour (him some) heshnegahas (I will) pour (her some) eñkhehnegahas (I will) pour (him some) eñhehnegahas (you) pour it shnega·eñh
(it is) pouring rain dyosdáeñhdih
President/Town Destroyer Hanadagá·yas
(she is) pretty goya’da·yéñsdih
puffball otshóhgwa’
put some (on my plate) daskhä·hä·s put some (on her plate) shehä·hä·s put some (on his plate) heshä·hä·s (I will) put some (on her plate) eñkhehä·hä·s (I will) put some (on his plate) eñhehä·hä·s (can you) out some (on my plate) eñwadoñ’ kheñh eñskhä·hä·s
pumpkin / watermelon ohnyoñhsówaneñ’s
(he is) punching hagóñkhwa’ (someone) punched him wa’hoñwagóñhgwa’ (he) punched (me) wa’hahgóñhgwa’ (I will) punch (you) eñ’goñgóñhgwa’ punch (it) hesgóñhgwah
(I am) ready agadehsá’ih (she is) ready godehsá’ih (I got) ready wa’gadéhs’a’ (they are) ready honadehá’ih (he is getting) ready hadeh’ás (I am getting) ready (to go out) gadeh’ás eñgyagéñ’nha’ (I am getting) ready gatdogéñstha’ (I have gotten) ready agatdogéñsdih (they have gotten) ready honatdoéñsdih (they got) ready wa’hoñtogéñsda’
real person oñgwehoñwe’
(what is the) reason wadeñ’ na’ owíhwa’ (this is the) reason nayé’ dyowíhwa’ (that’s the) reason (I got angry) na’ dyowíhwa’ aga’khwéñ’ih
(I am) resting agadoñwísheñh (you all) rest swadoñwisheñh
right now háhsa’
river geñhyóñhwa’
fork of the river dedyohyoñhogéñh
road ohá·de’ (on the) road ohahadá’geh (fork in a) road deyohahó·geñh (it is a crooked) road deyothahá’kdoñh (good) road ohahiyóh
robin jisgá’ga’
rock osdéñhä’ (at the) rocks osdeñhä’geh rocks (are rising upwards) degasdeñhényoñ’ rock (cavern) osdeñhägahéñda’ rock (ledge) degasdeñhedá·dye’ (large) rock oneñyowá·neñh
rooster gitgit haj·nah
(you) run! desáähdat (he is) running (around) hadákhe’s (I am) running kdákhe’ (he will be) running eñhadakhe’
S
(I) said (it) wa’gihéñ·’ (that’s what he has) said na’ hawéñh (is that what you all) said nayé’ khéñh ne’ iswéñh (she has) said (it) gawéñh (what I have) said na’ agéñhna’
salmon ojyoñ’dówane’s
salt ojikhé’da’ salt it sijikhe’da·k
salt pork ojikhé’dá’ o’wáhä·’
(it is the) same tsha’dé·yot (it will be the) same tsha’deñyohdík
(she will) say (it) eñyahéñ·’ (he will) say (it) eñheñhéñ·’ (what i should) say a·gihéñ·’ (she) says iyóñ·doñk (I) say igá·doñk (they) say hóñ·doñk (what you all) say ne’ swá·doñk
Autumn / Fall geñneñ·ná’geh Spring time geñgwi·déñhjik Summer gageñhnhá’geh Winter gohsä·’geh
secretary / writer hahyá·doñk
(you will) see them (again) eñtahé·geñ’ (he) sees (them) shagogéñha’ (I would) see (them) a·khé·geñ’ (I) see (the sky) geñhyagéñha’ (you will) see (a field) eñhsheñ·dá·geñ’ (I will) see (you again) eñsgóñ·geñ’ (you will) see (them again) eñtshé·geñ’
shovel deyoñda’ge·hdakhwa’ (you) shovel dehsada’ge·hda·k (you have to) shovel goñda’ dehsada’ge·hda·k (did you) shovel (yet?) ahsoñ· kheñh wa’tshada’ge·hda·k (I have to) shovel goñda’ eñtgada’ge·hda·k (I already) shoveled oneñ ne’ na’ dewagada’ge·hda·hwih (can you help me) shovel a·wadoñ’ kheñh eñsgya’dage·nha’ da·gada’ge·hda·k (thank you for) shoveling nyaweñha tsha’ wa’tshada’ge·hda·k
(I am) sick agnoñhwákdeñnik (he is) sick honoñhwakdeñníh (he got) sick wa’honoñhwákdeñ’ (I will get) sick eñwa·gnoñhwákdeñ’ (I may be) sick a·wa·gnoñhwákdeñ’ (he is a) singer hadeñ·nótha’ (I am) singing aga·deñ·nó·da’ (he should) sit a·hadyéñ’ (he will not) sit hiya tha·hadyéñh six áhya’k sixteen áhya’k gáhe·’ sixty áhya’k niwásheñh (he is) skating along dehodo’jinehdiha·dya’ (I am going) skating wa’tgado’jinehdahne’ (you all go) skating deswado’jinehdahnah (he is) skinny hodí·weñh (she is) skinny godí·weñh skunk eñní’das skyworld / heaven gaeñhyá’geh sled ohni’tsho’dakhwa’ (do you have a) sled? señhni’tsho’dakhwahsä·yeñ’ kheñh (go get your) sled segwahah ne’ señhni’tsho’dakhwa’ (I’m on my way to go) sledding wa’geñhni’tshohne’ (let’s you and I go) sledding dyeñhni’tshohnah (do you want to go) sledding (with me?) se·he’ kheñh eñdyeñhni’tshohna’ (do you want to go) sledding (with us?) se·he’ kheñh eñdweñhni’tshohna’ (I went) sledding (yesterday) wa’geñhni’tshohna’ ahse·deh (he is) sledding heñhni’tshok (I am) sleepy agí·da’ks (he loves to) sleep haihseñ·hdanóñhwe’s (he is) asleep hodá’wih (are you) asleep señdá’wih khéñh (she is) sleeping godá’wih (I will) sleep eñwa·gí·da’k (I) slept (a lot) iswá’ oñgí·da’k (you) sleep séñ·da’k (I didn’t) sleep hya de’ wa·gí·da’ks (he is) sleepy hó·da’ks (she is) sleeping godá’wih (I will) sleep eñwa·gi·da’k (go to) sleep señdá’hah slippery deyowí’tsgwat (you will) slip eñsai·’tsgwa’ (I) slipped wa’wagi·’tsgwa’ (be careful before you) slip s’nigoñhä·k gae’ tsha’ nigeñhsai·’tsgwa’ small niwa’áh small (amount) niyohóñh (she is) small niyaga’áh (he is) small nihä’áh (they are) small (men) niheñna’s’áh heñnóñ·gweh (they are) small (women) nigoñna’s’áh (they are) small (objects) niwa’s’áh (I) smell (it) agéshwas (he) smells (it) hóshwas (he) smells (it) wa’hóshwa’ (she will) smell (it) eñyagóshwa’ (I) smelled (it) wa’wagéshwa’ (I) smelled (food) agekhwáshwas (it) smells (bad) gá·gä·s (he) smells (bad) hayá’tgä·s (they really) smell (bad) honi’dá·gä·s (I am) smiling agyoñ·dih (she was born with a) smile godyoñdihsä·dah (it got) snagged / hooked odá·hwih snail ji’señ·weñ’ snake osháisda’ (milk) snake nihshéñhsä·’ snipe odi’nehsí·yo’ snow ó’gä·’ (crusty) snow owihsgä·’geh (wet) snow o’gä·na·weñh (it is) snowing o’géñ·dyoñh (it looks like) snow o’gé·wih (it started to) snow wa’o’géñ·di’ (it will) snow eñyo’géñ·di’ (there is) snow (on the ground) o’gä·yeñ’ (we are all) snowed (in) oñgwa’ge·há·gih (it) snow(ed) wa’o’géñ·di’ (it stopped) snowing wa’wa’geñda’nha’ (it looks like) snow o’ge·wíh (it is) snowing (again) oneñhe’ o’geñ·dyoñh (they say it will) snow (later) geñ’jik eñyo’geñ·di’ ya·geñ’ (they say it will) snow (tomorrow) eñyo’geñ·di’ eñyo·heñ’nha’ ya·geñ’ (it) snow(ed) yesterday wa’o’geñ·di’ ahse·deh snowball deyoda’gä·gwe’noñnhíh snow flake jyo’gä·dah snow flurries o’geñ·dye·nóñ·dye’s snowman o’gä·’ nihaya’dó’déñh (Do you want to build a) snowman (with me?) se·he’ kheñh eñdnihseñ·nya’ ne’ o’gä·’ nihaya’dó’déñh snowplow deyoñda’ge·hdakhwa’ ga’se·hda’ snowshoe deyoda’áäde’ ahdáhgwa’ snowsnake gahwéñhda’ (they are playing) snowsnake dehadihweñdayeñha’ (they play) snowsnake wa’thadihweñhdayéñ’ (long) snowsnake gahweñhdes (mudcat) snowsnake nigahweñhdaagwaháh snowsnake grease othnatgoñ’ (it is) all gone heyots’ahdih he is a heckler dehadi’nigoñha•ha’ it is a flyer gaya·no·we’ he is the marker haya·na·tha’ he missed it sahat’wahda’ it is on its way wa’we’ (they are) running fast hadidakhe’ osno·we’ throw (it hard) otshahnit hesa·dih he is the thrower heho·dye’s he is a good thrower haneñtshi·yáh (we all make) the track dwayana·eñnyaha’ they are watching hadikdoñk he won wa’hatgwe·nya’ snowy road o’gä·’ niyohaha’do’déñh snowstorm o’ge·wa·neñh (a big) snowstorm (is coming) dawa’ge·waneñha·dye’ squash ohnyóñhsa’ so / so then da· / dá· oneñh soap goháe’tha’ socks adä·hdí’tshä’ (he is wearing) socks hosdí ne’ adä·hdí’tshä’ soda gahoñ’deñ·k soft / delicate ohe’déñh (she plays) softball deyoñ’nhes (my) son hehá·wah (my) son (in law) henéhnhoñs song (in progress) gaeñnó·da’ soup ohne·gá·gi·’ spider dek’áhseñh / dega’ahseñh (on my) spine gehswá’geh splint ohweñ’ga·’ (soak the) splint sheñ’ga·naweñhdah sponge degahnegákhwa’ spoon adó·gwat Spring time geñgwi·déñhjik spring (well) dyohna·wá·eda’ squash ohnyóñhsa’ (hubbard) squash degahnyoñhsahsiha·’ (marrow) squash ohnyoñhsa’oñ·weh ohnyoñses (gray) squirrel jyokdá·gi·’ (red) squirrel háisheñh star ojisdanóhgwa·’ / ojisdeñnohgwa·’ stick ga’nhya’ (your) stick sa’nhya’ (my) stick age’nhya’ (his) stick ho’nhya’ (where’s your) stick gaeñnoñ nigayeñ’ ne’ sa’nhya’ (grab your) stick jye•náh ne’ sa’nhya’ (go get your) stick segwahah ne’ sa’nhya’ (it is) steep gagaeñhé’ onedodá·hwih (he is) still tha’dehodyéeñh / tha’dehó•dyeñ•h (he is) stingy honí’oñk (she is) stingy goní’oñk (they are) tingy hodiní’oñk stomach otgwéñ’da’ (in my) stomach getgweñ’dagóñ·wah (on my) stomach getgweñ’dá’geh (on her) stomach etgweñ’dá’geh (your) stomach setgweñ’dá’geh (her) stomach (hurts) gotgweñ’danóñhwaks (he has a big) stomach hotgweñ’dowá·neñh (her) stomach (got big) / pregnant wa’agotweñ’dowánha’ (he has a) belly hotgweñ’dá·yeñ’ (she) stirs (it) deyoñ·wéñ·yek (she is) stirring (it) deyagoweñ·yéh (It was) stirred oneñ né’ na’ dewaweñ·yéh (she will) stir (it off and on) deñyoñweñ·yéhek (she will) stir (it for him) deñhoñwawéñ·ye’s (she will go there to) stir (it) deñyoñweñ·yéhä’ stone onéñ·ya’ stop señni·héñh storm odetgihdih
story atho·yahsä·’ (listen) (new) story owihwahsé’ stomach otgwéñ’da’ (in my) stomach getgweñ’dagóñ·wah (her) stomach (hurts) gotgweñ’danóñhwaks stove/matches/lighter oñdega’dákhwa’ strawberry oheñdadekháhgwih (it is) strong gahwíshe’ (I am) strong khwíshe’ (she is) strong eya’dahwíshe’ (she will be) strong eñyagohwíshek (she used to be) strong ehwishéhgwa’ strong (words) gaweñnahwíshe’ strong (wind) ga·ä·hwíshe’ (it is) stuck owethá·hwih (you) study/read sade·yeñhsta’ (you) studied /read wa’sade·yeñhsta’ (he did) study wa’hade·yeñhsda’ (he might) study a·hade·yeñhsda’ (she might) study a·yoñde·yeñhsda’ (your task will) succeed eñhse·yeñni·yó’khe’ sugar oweñnawéñ’da’ (too much) sugar oweñnaweñ’dá’ oñgóhdih (it was his) suggestion tho’nigoñhé·da’ (he) siggested (it) daheñ’nigoñhé·deñ’ Summer gageñhnhá’geh sun eñdekhá’ gáähgwa·’ (the) sun (shines) wadeñháetha’ (the) sun (shone) wa’wadeñháe·deñ’ (the) sun (will shine) eñwadeñháe·deñ’ (the) sun (shone again) sawadeñháe·deñ’ (the) sun (is shining through the clouds) deyodeñhaeñdóñ·nyoñ’ (the) sun (rises) gaähgwítgeñ’s (its a) sunbeam odeñ·hyó·da’ (a) sunbeam (came through) wa’wa·deñ·hyó·deñ’ sunny odeñhae·da’ (it will get) sunny eñwadeñhae·deñ’ Sunday aweñdado·géñhdih sunflower aweñha’gó·nah / oweñweñhsä·’ sunrise tgaähgwítgeñ’s sunset hegaähgwéñ’s sumac otgó’da’ swallow dega·ne·’ e·geñh swamp gana·wá·yeñ’ swan onyaä’dagwa·doñ’ (I) sweep / clean góhseñ·s (she) swept / cleaned wa’agóhsä·’ (I will) sweep / clean eñgóhä·’ (his) sweetheart ho’daeñ·nawéñ’da’ (her) sweetheart go’daeñ·nawéñ’da’ (my) sweetheart agi’daeñ·nawéñ’da’ (your) sweetheart señ’daeñ·nawéñ’da’ (you) swim sada·wéñh (I will) swim eñga·dá·wéñh (they are) swimming hoñda·wéñha’ (she is) swimming oñda·wéñha’ (he) swam wa’ha·dá·weñ’ (her) swimsuit oñdaweñ’dakhwa’ (you put on a) swimsuit sesdah ne’ oñdaweñ’dakhwa’ (you two put on a) swimsuit snisdah ne’ oñdaweñ’dakhwa’ (you all put on a) swimsuit swasdah ne’ oñdaweñ’dakhwa’ (let’s us all all put on a) swimsuit dwasdah ne’ oñdaweñ’dakhwa’
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table oñdekhwahä·khwa’
Tadodaho Thadoda·ho’
tail odéñ’ä·’
(i) take charge wa’ga·di·hwasdéisda’
(it should not) take long hya tha·gaihwíshe’
take it off sga’tshah (he has) taken (it off) hohä·gweñh (he) takes (it off) hahä·gwas take off (your coat) sadya’dawíhshyah
(I am not) taking charge hya de’ tgeñnóñhdoñs
(he is) taking it away hagékhwas (he has) taken it away (from her) shagokhweñh (he will) take it away (from me) eñhagékhwa’ (he) took it away (from her) wa’hákhwa’ (I) took it away (from him) wa’hékhwa’ (you) take it away (from her) shékhwah
(they are) talking oditha’ (she is going to) talk oñda•dyáhne’ (he goes to) talk hada·dyáhne’s (he has gone to) talk hoda·dyáhnoñh (what are you) talking about wadéñ’ sathá·hgwih (what are we) talking about na’ thogéñ oñgwathá·hgwih (what we all) talked about oñgwatha·hgwíhna’ (they are) talking together dehodítha·’ (he) talks hada·dyáha’ (does she) talk oñda·dyáha’ kheñh (he was) talking hodá·dih (he) talked wa’ha·dá·dya’ (I will) talk eñga·dá·dya’ (don’t) talk ahgwí sadá·dyah (she can’t) talk yet ahsóñ de’oñdadyáha’ (they are) talking (things over) dehoditháeñnyoñ’ (we all will) talk (things over) deñya·gwathaeñ·nyóñ’ (they) talked it over wa’tgoñdithaeñ•nyóñ’ (is the boy) talking yet ne’ haksa’áh néñ khéñ hawéñnadah (it got) talked about odethó·wih (what are you) talking about wadéñ’ sathá·hgwih (what we are) talking about oñgwathá·hgwih (what we all had) talked about oñgwatha·hgwíhna’
(I am) tall khnéñ·yes (he is) tall hahnéñ·yes (she is) tall ehnéñ·yes (it is) tall gahnéñ·yes (I will get) tall eñkhneñyéshe’ (he got) tall wa’hahneñyéshe’ (he isn’t very) tall neñ gwá’ nihahnéñ·yes (he is growing) tall hahneñyejihhá·dye’ (she is growing) tall ehneñyejihá·dye’
task ga·yéñ·na’
(they finished their) task wa’hoñde·yeñnó’kdeñ’
(his) tasks (are spread out) ha·yeñnadéñhda·’
(your) task (will succeed) eñhse·yeñni·yó’khe’
(it) tastes (good) oga’wih (it) tastes (delicious) oga’wiyóh (it looks) tasty oga’wihna’ (it smells) tasty weñhsä·ga’wih (it was) tasty oga;wihna’ (do you like the) taste saga’hwa’ kheñh (yes I like the) taste heñheñ ahga’hwa’ (no I do not like the) taste hiyah ya de’wahga’hwa’ (it doesn’t) taste good hya de’ogá’wih
(you be) careful s’nigoñhä·k (listen) (you all) count swashet don’t áhgwih (listen) (you) erase it säge·wah (listen) good-bye onéñ gó·’ (listen) greeting/Thankful you are well Nya·wéñha Sgé·noñ’ (listen) greeting reply gwas hya’ do·geñs great/super oyá·ne·’ (listen) (time for you all to go) home hwa’gahék oñ·seswahdeñ·dya’ (you all) line up swaneñhseñ·nyah (you) listen sadahóñhsadat (listen) more o·wis (listen) no hi·yah (listen) now / “see you” onéñh (listen) ok hoñ·yóh (listen) peace sgé·noñ’ (listen) (you) read/study sade·yéñstha’ (you all) rest swadoñwisheñh tastes good ogá·wih (listen) thank you nya·wéñha (listen) that is all da·ne’tho’ (you all) write swahya·doñh write your name sada’señna·eñh yes heñheñh (listen) you’re welcome yoñh (listen)
(We thank all you) teachers degwanoñheñ·k swadeñihoñnyeñnik (I have) tears (coming down) ahgahsé·da’ (we all wiped your) tears wa’gwagahsä·gé·wa’ telephone oñdweñnoñdá·tha’ ten washéñh tent degayá·ädoñ’ Thanksgiving Address Ganoñhéñ·nyoñ’ People Dendwadanoñheñ Mother Earth Ethino·ha tsha’ Oñhweñja·de’ Medicines Hwa’dyonoñhgwa tshä·geh Trees Hwa dyohoñhdageh Berries Hwa’dyohha·geh Animals Goñdi·yoh Birds Hwa’t goñdi·yo’dageh Water Ohne·gano’s Foods Dyoñhehgwih Winds Tsha’ deyowä·weñye’ Thunders Ethihsoda Hadiweñnodoñdye’s Sun Shedwahji’ah eñdekha gaähgwa’ Moon & stars Ethisoda ahsoñhekha gaähgwa’/ Ojisdeñnohgwaeñnyoñ’ Protectors Gaye· niyoñgwe’dageh Handsome Lake Sganyadai·yo’ Creator Gaeñha’ge’ hana·ge’ Shoñgwaya’dihsa’ih Thankful you are well (greeting) Nya·wéñha Sgé·noñ’ thanks (for thinking of me) nya·wéñha tsha’ wa’sgaha·’nha’ thank you nya•wéñha (so) there (it is) tho ní·dyot né’ thirteen ahséñ gáhe·’ (i am) thin aga·dí·weñh (he got) thin wa’ha·dí·wa’ (she got) thin wa’oñ·dí·wa’ (that is what I) think na’ geñnoñhdóñ·nyoñk (he) thinks (about it) heñnoñhdóñ·nyoñk thirty ahséñ niwásheñh (I am) thirsty goñ·yátheñhs (he will get) thirsty eñhaoñ·yathéñha’ (she gets) thirsty agoñ·yátheñhs (she got) thirsty wa’gaoñ·yathéñha’ (my) thoughts ageñnoñhdoñ·nyóñhsä·’ (in my) thoughts ageñnoñhdoñnyoñhsä·góñ·wah (I have good) thoughts sgeñnóñ’ geñnoñhdóñ·nyoñk (he) thought (about it) wa’heñnoñhdoñ·nyóñ’ (he acted) thoughtlessly wa’ho’nigoñhästhwáha’ (one) thousand sgadá sgahoñhsä·dah three áseñh Three Sisters ahseñh na’degoñdeñhnoñdä·’ (I) threw (it) hoñgá·di’ (he) threw (it away) wa’hó·di’ (she) threw (out the water) wa’agohne·góñ·dih throw it desá·dih / hesá·dih (he will) throw (it back) eñshó·di’ (she will) throw (it) heñya·gó·di’ (I will) throw (a ball) heñwageñ’nhe’tshéñ·di’ throw (it to me) dasa·dih (I am) throwing (things out) agá·dye’s (he has) thrown (it) heho·dyóñh (I have) thrown it out agá·dyoñh Thursday gayé·ih wadóñ’tha’ tick degaji’kdagweñhdéñh tiger dagosgó·nah (I am) tired agatséñhdih (he is getting) tired hatshéñtha’ toad sgwa·gwáeñ·doñk toast ohä·hgwathéñh tobacco oyéñ’gwa’ tobacco (real) oyéñ’gwa’ óñ·weh today neñgéñ óñhgeñh toilet oni’dayeñdákhwa’ tomato otgwéñda·’ niyohyo’déñh tomorrow eñyo·héñ’nha’ (I have a) toothache agno’jyanóñhwaks (the) total ó·gweñh town/village gana·dá·yeñ’ (I am coming to) trade degadada·wíhe’ (those two) trade dehyadadá·he’ (they have) traded dehonadádawih (she will) trade deñyoñ·dá·doñ’ (I) traded wa’tga·dá·doñ’ (he is a) trader dehanoñwayeñtha’ (she is a) trader deyenoñwayeñtha’ train ga’se•hdayanó·wih tree (standing) gä·hé·da’ ash (black) gaeñdagwá·jih ash (white) ganeñ·hó·yah basswood tree ohóhsä·’ beech tree otsgéñ’ä’ birch ona•góñhsa’ cherry jé·i’ cherry (black) gaeñdahoñ’jíh é·i’ oak (black) gaeñdajíh cedar ohsohä’da’ chestnut oheya’da’ elm ogoñhä’da’ hemlock onéñ’da’ hickory heñnék hickory (shag bark) hasdék ironwood sgaeñdagásde’ leaf onä·hda’ maple ohwáhda’ maple (soft) awéñhátgwa’ muscle wood sgaeñdagasde’ nut ohsó’gwa’ pine tree ohnéhda’ popular onä·hdagáe’ih red willow otgwéñhda·’ niyohoñdo’déñh root okdéhä·’ spicebush da’dyá’ksgwa’ sassafras wa’eñ·ná·gä·s / a’eñ·ná·gä·s sumac otgó’da’ oak (swamp) ganawagoñwakhá’ oak (white) gaeñda’hé’sda’ tamarrack oweñ·dá’ksde’ walnut deyotsho’gwathwe’noñníh walnut (black) ohso’gwajih (replant the) tree sajyeñ·dó·deñh truck gahehdanéñhgwik (it is) true odi·hwagwáihshyoñh (is it) true? odi·hwagwáihshyoñh kheñh (he is) true / honest hodi·hwagwáihshyoñh (it is not) true hya de’o·di·hwagwáihshyoñh (she is not) true / honest hya’ de’agodi·hwagwáihshyoñh truly dó·geñs (you) try it sade’nyéñ·deñh (you will) try eñhsade’nyéñ·deñh (you all) try swade’nyéñ·deñh (let’s all) try dwade’nyéñ·deñh (I) try hard gahgwisheñk (he is) trying hard hohgwísheñ’ (he) tried hard wa’hahgwishéñ’ (she will) try hard eñyoñhgwishéñ’ (he used to) try hard hohgwisgwisheñdáhgwa’ Tuesday degní wadóñ’tha’ turkey nedahéñhwah / nehaheñhweñh turtle ha’nó·wa·’ Tuscarora Hoñdasgáeyeñ twelve dégní gáhe·’ twenty dewashéñh (they are) twins dehníkheñh (you two are) twins desníkheñh (she is a) twin deyékheñh (they two are) twins degníkheñh two dégníh Two Row Wampum Gaswéñdah
(I am getting) undressed gahseñ·nyáhshyoñs (he is) undressed hohseñ·nyáhshyoñh (I will get) undressed eñgahseñ·nyáhshya’
umbrella oñdnoñhsodakhwa’
(they) use it hadístha’ (will he be) using it? eñhásthak kheñ hóñ•h (I may be) using it a·gésthak (I was) using it agesdíhna’ (it is) used up wats’áhdih (it gets) used up wats’átha’ (they have) used it up hodísdih (I) used it wa’gésda’
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(in the) valley gaheñ·wagóñ·wah
(I) value it agnóñsde’ (he) values it honóñsde’ (you will) value it greatly eñswanoñsdék (I) value myself agadadnóñsde’
village/town gana·dá·yeñ’ (it is their) village hodinadá·yeñ’ (at the) village tsha’ gana·dá·yeñ’ (at the) village gana·dá’geh (in the) village ganadagóñ·wah (the whole) village ganadagwé·gih (top of the) village ganadóha·’
(they come to) visit hadigwáthwas (he) visited wa’hagwáthwa’ (I) visited hehgwáthwas / hekgwáthwas (I will) visit heñhgwáthwa’ (I went) visiting wa’gna·dáhä·’
wing oyá·da’ (on his) wing haya·di’geh (on her) wing eya·dí’geh
(I am a) winner gatgwé·nyoñs
(my) wife kheksdéñ’
(you) wipe it säge·wah
Winter gohsä·’geh wintry aohsä·dih (it became) winter wa’óhsä·t (it will become) winter eñyóhsä·t (it is a bad) winter odohsä·tgíhdih
whiskey ohegahwíshe’
(i) wish (you good luck) sadä·’shiyóh
(I am making a) wish dewagadeñ·nóñ·da’ (I) wished wa’tga·deñ·nóñ·deñ’
(female) witch gotgoñ’ (male) witch hotgoñ’
wolf hothahyoñníh
woman agóñ·gweh
(he) won wa’hatgwe·nya’ /or/ wa’hadeñ’neha·’ (I) won wa’gatgwe·nya’ /or/ wa’gadeñ’neha·’ (she) won wa’oñtgwe·nya’ /or/ wa’oñdeñ’neha·’ (who) won? soñ·’ na’ wa’oñtgwe·nya’ /or/ soñ·’ na’ wa’oñdeñ’neha·’ (you) won wa’satgwe·nya’ /or/ wa’sadeñ’neha·’ (we) won wa’agwatgwe·nya’ (you guys) won we’swatgwe·nya’ (we all) won we’dwatgwe·nya’ (they) won wa’hoñtgwe·nya’
(it is) wonderful aweñtgá·de’
(it will always be) wonderful eñyawweñtgá·dek
wood gaéñ·da’ (the) wood (was burned by someone) gayeñdeñ’dá·hwih (he will go get) wood eñhayeñda·gwáha’ (he cuts up) wood dehayeñdahí·tha’ (he splits) wood dehayeñdó·weñs (he split) wood wa’thayeñdoweñhséñ·’ (they put) wood (in the stove) wa’hayeñdóñthwa’ (i cut) wood degyéñ·dya’ks (he chops) wood dehayeñdyá’khoñk
(downy) woodpecker gwidógwit / degaeñdajis’os
word owéñ·na’ (his) word/voice howéñ·na’ (my) word/voice agwéñ·na’
word, matter, thing, reason, thought, owíhwa’
(I am a) worker agyó’deñhs (I have) worked agyo’déñ’ih (she will) work eñyagoyo’déñ’ha’ (they) worked wa’hodiyo’déñ’ha’ (he ought to) work a·hoyo’déñ’ha’ (you all) work swayo’déñ’hah
Alt + 0241 = ñ Alt + 0149 = • Alt + 0228 = ä Alt + 0225 = á Alt + 0235 = ë Alt + 0233 = é Alt + 0246 = ö Alt + 0243 = ó Alt + 0237 = í
Google Docs: Insert > Special Characters
00F1 = ñ U+2022 = • 00E1 = á U+00E4 = ä 00E9 = é 00ED = í 00F3 = ó
Pronunciation Guide
Letters / Similar to English /Onondaga Example
a / saw, father, tuck / oyéñ’gwa•’ (smoke) haksa’áh (boy) ä / hat bad / heháähdats (he runs) hodä•gweñh (he has claimed it) e / weigh ebb / gahé•hna’ (pack) ehnegá•khwa’ (pitcher) i / beeheat / hwíks (five) o/ go / odékha’ (fire) eñ / men send memory / oyéñ’gwa•’ (smoke) oñ /moon tune /odoñ•yóda’(haystack) c/ ship sash/ dewadekháhcyoñs (it comes apart)oñgyátci’ (friend) d / doll ladle/ odékha’ (fire) g / garden / gagáhä’ (glasses) h / hand / hwíks (five) desaät’áh (put your shoes on) j/ jingle / gajisdóha•’(torch – lamp) kh , k’ , k (at the end of a word) / king / e’níkhoñk (she sews) dek’áhseñh (spider) k (before consonant) / skate /eksa’áh (girl) n / nine banana / osnó•we’ (it’s fast) s / sing / só•wäk (duck) th , t’ , t (at the end of a word) / tin /hadístha’ (they use it) heyogeñt’áh (it is barely visible) wa’thaähdat (he ran) t (before consonant) / sta mp /wa’tkdagweñhdéñsda’ ( I flattened it) w / away / owéñ•na’ (word) y / yes /gayá•ä’ (bag) ‘/ uh–oh /ga’áhsä•’ (basket)