Treaties

HISTORY OF RELATIONS WITH OUR BROTHERS Dr. Robert Venables Prepared at the request of Chief Irving Powless, Jr. Updated July 11 & October 4, 2010; and February 26 & March 10, 2011 INTRODUCTION. PART 1 “Chain” is the key word in the phrase “Silver Covenant Chain” or “Covenant Chain.” “Chain” is an English translation of root words in Iroquoian languages for “arms … [Read more...] about Polishing The Silver Covenant Chain: A Brief History of Some of the Symbols and Metaphors in Haudenosaunee Treaty Negotiations